Mene ne Babban Tsarin da ke cikin Masana'antar Galvanizing Turn-Key?

Masana'antar galvanizing mai juyawa tana aiki da manyan tsare-tsare guda uku. Waɗannan tsarin suna aiki don shiryawa, shafa, da kuma gama ƙarfe. Tsarin yana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman kamarKayan aikin Galvanizing na TsarinkumaƘananan sassa Layukan Galvanizing (Robort)Kasuwar galvanizing mai zafi tana nuna babban yuwuwar ci gaba.

Muhimman Abubuwan Da Ake Ɗauka

• Masana'antar galvanizing tana da manyan tsare-tsare guda uku: kafin a yi magani, kafin a yi galvanizing, da kuma bayan an yi magani. Waɗannan tsare-tsaren suna aiki tare don tsaftacewa, shafa, da kuma gama ƙarfe.
• Tsarin kafin a fara aiki yana tsaftace ƙarfen. Yana cire datti, mai, da tsatsa. Wannan matakin yana taimaka wa zinc ya manne sosai a jikin ƙarfen.
• Thetsarin galvanizingYana sanya murfin zinc a kan ƙarfen. Tsarin bayan an yi masa magani yana sanyaya ƙarfen kuma yana ƙara wani matakin kariya na ƙarshe. Wannan yana sa ƙarfen ya yi ƙarfi kuma ya daɗe.

Tsarin 1: Tsarin Kafin Jiyya

Tsarin Kafin Jiyya shine mataki na farko kuma mafi mahimmanci a cikintsarin galvanizationBabban aikinsa shine shirya saman ƙarfe mai tsafta. Tsabtataccen saman yana bawa zinc damar samar da haɗin kai mai ƙarfi da daidaito tsakanin ƙarfen. Wannan tsarin yana amfani da jerin abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai don cire duk wani gurɓatawa.

Tankunan rage mai

Rage mai shine matakin farko na tsaftacewa. Sassan ƙarfe suna isa ga masana'anta mai gurɓataccen abu kamar mai, datti, da mai. Tankunan rage mai suna cire waɗannan abubuwan. Tankunan suna ɗauke da sinadarai masu narkewar datti. Mafita ta yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Maganin rage man shafawa na alkaline
• Maganin rage mai mai da acidic
• Masu rage man shafawa na alkaline masu zafi sosai

A Arewacin Amurka, yawancin galvanizers suna amfani da maganin sodium hydroxide mai zafi. Masu aiki galibi suna dumama waɗannan tankunan alkaline zuwa tsakanin 80-85 °C (176-185 °F). Wannan zafin yana inganta ingancin tsaftacewa ba tare da tsadar kuzarin tafasa ruwa ba.

Tankunan Wankewa

Bayan kowace maganin sinadarai, ƙarfen yana komawa zuwa tankin wanke-wanke. Kurkure yana wanke duk wani sinadari da ya rage daga tankin da ya gabata. Wannan matakin yana hana gurɓatar wanka na gaba a cikin jerin. Kurkure mai kyau yana da mahimmanci don samun kyakkyawan ƙarewa.

Ma'aunin Masana'antu:A cewar SSPC-SP 8 Pickling Standard, ruwan kurkura dole ne ya kasance mai tsabta. Jimillar gishirin acid ko gishirin da aka narkar a cikin tankunan kurkura bai kamata ya wuce gram biyu a kowace lita ba.

Tankunan Tsami Mai Acid

Bayan haka, ƙarfen yana shiga cikin tankin girki na acid. Wannan tankin yana ɗauke da ruwan acid mai narkewa, yawanci hydrochloric acid. Aikin acid ɗin shine cire tsatsa da sikelin niƙa, waɗanda sune ƙarfe oxides a saman ƙarfen. Tsarin girki yana bayyana ƙarfe mara tsabta da ke ƙasa, wanda hakan ke sa shi a shirye don matakin shiri na ƙarshe.

Tankunan Ruwa

Juyawa shine mataki na ƙarshe a cikin magani kafin a fara amfani da shi. Tsaftataccen ƙarfe yana shiga cikintankin kwararayana ɗauke da maganin zinc ammonium chloride. Wannan maganin yana shafa wani Layer na kariya ga ƙarfen. Wannan Layer yana yin abubuwa biyu: yana yin ƙaramin tsaftacewa na ƙarshe kuma yana kare ƙarfen daga iskar oxygen a cikin iska. Wannan fim ɗin kariya yana hana sabon tsatsa ya fito kafin ƙarfen ya shiga cikin tukunyar zinc mai zafi.

Tsarin 2: Tsarin Galvanizing

Bayan an riga an yi masa magani, ƙarfen yana komawa zuwa Tsarin Galvanizing. Manufar wannan tsarin ita ce a yi amfani da shi.rufin zinc mai kariyaYa ƙunshi manyan abubuwa guda uku: tanda mai busarwa, tanda mai amfani da galvanizing, da kuma tukunyar zinc. Waɗannan sassan suna aiki tare don ƙirƙirar haɗin ƙarfe tsakanin ƙarfe da zinc.

Busar da Tanda

Murhun busarwa shine tasha ta farko a wannan tsarin. Babban aikinsa shine busar da ƙarfe gaba ɗaya bayan matakin fluxing. Masu aiki galibi suna dumama murhun zuwa kusan 200°C (392°F). Wannan zafin jiki mai yawa yana ƙafe duk wani danshi da ya rage. Tsarin busarwa sosai yana da mahimmanci saboda yana hana fashewar tururi a cikin zinc mai zafi kuma yana guje wa lahani na rufi kamar ramukan filaye.

Tandunan busarwa na zamani sun haɗa da ƙira masu adana makamashi. Waɗannan fasalulluka suna rage yawan amfani da mai da kuma inganta ingancin masana'antu.

• Suna iya amfani da iskar gas mai fitarwa daga tanderu don dumama ƙarfe kafin su fara aiki.
• Sau da yawa suna haɗa da tsarin dawo da zafi.
• Suna tabbatar da ingantaccen rarraba zafi da daidaito.

Tanderu Mai Ginawa

Tanderu mai amfani da galvanizing yana samar da zafi mai tsanani da ake buƙata don narke zinc. Waɗannan na'urori masu ƙarfi suna kewaye da kettle ɗin zinc kuma suna kula da narkakken zinc a daidai zafin jiki. Tanderu suna amfani da fasahohin dumama da yawa na zamani don aiki yadda ya kamata. Nau'ikan da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da:

• Masu ƙona bugun zuciya masu saurin gaske
• Tanderun Dumama Kai Tsaye
• Tanda Mai Lantarki

Tsaro Na Farko: Tanderun suna aiki a yanayin zafi mai tsanani, wanda hakan ke sa aminci ya zama muhimmi. An gina su da rufin zafi mai zafi, na'urori masu auna zafin jiki na dijital don sa ido kan zafin kettle, da kuma ƙira waɗanda ke ba da damar duba masu ƙonawa da bawuloli masu sarrafawa cikin sauƙi.

Tukunyar Zinc

Kettle ɗin zinc babban akwati ne mai kusurwa huɗu wanda ke ɗauke da narkakken zinc. Yana zaune kai tsaye a cikin tanderun galvanizing, wanda ke dumama shi. Kettle ɗin dole ne ya kasance mai ƙarfi sosai don jure yanayin zafi mai yawa da kuma lalata zinc ɗin ruwa. Saboda wannan dalili, masana'antun suna ƙera kettles daga ƙarfe na musamman, mai ƙarancin carbon, kuma mai ƙarancin silicon. Wasu kuma suna iya samun rufin ciki na tubali mai hana ruwa don ƙarin tsawon rai.

Tsarin 3: Tsarin Bayan Jiyya

Tsarin Bayan Jiyya shine mataki na ƙarshe a cikintsarin galvanizationManufarta ita ce sanyaya sabon ƙarfe mai rufi da kuma shafa wani Layer na kariya na ƙarshe. Wannan tsarin yana tabbatar da cewa samfurin yana da kamannin da ake so da kuma dorewa na dogon lokaci. Babban abubuwan da ke cikinsa sune tankunan kashe wuta da tashoshin passivation.

Tankunan Kashewa

Bayan barin tukunyar zinc, ƙarfen har yanzu yana da zafi sosai, kusan 450°C (840°F). Tankunan kashe wuta suna sanyaya ƙarfe da sauri. Wannan saurin sanyaya ƙarfe yana dakatar da amsawar ƙarfe tsakanin zinc da ƙarfe. Idan ƙarfe ya yi sanyi a hankali a cikin iska, wannan amsawar na iya ci gaba, yana haifar da ƙarewa mara laushi da laushi. Kashewa yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye kamanni mai haske da daidaito. Duk da haka, wasu ƙirar ƙarfe ba su dace da kashewa ba saboda saurin canjin zafin jiki na iya haifar da karkacewa.

Masu aiki suna amfani da ruwaye daban-daban, ko matsakaici, don kashewa bisa ga sakamakon da ake so:

• Ruwa:Yana samar da mafi saurin sanyaya amma yana iya samar da gishirin zinc da za a iya cirewa a saman.
• Mai:Sanyaya ƙarfen ba kamar ruwa ba, wanda hakan ke rage haɗarin tsagewa yayin da yake inganta sassauci.
• Gishirin da aka narkar:Ba da saurin sanyaya jiki a hankali, wanda ke da sauƙin sarrafawa, yana rage karkacewar yanayi.

Passivation da Kammalawa

Passivation shine maganin sinadarai na ƙarshe. Wannan tsari yana amfani da wani siririn Layer wanda ba a iya gani a saman galvanized. Wannan Layer yana kare sabon murfin zinc daga iskar shaka da wuri da kuma samuwar "farin tsatsa" yayin ajiya da jigilar kaya.

Bayanin Tsaro da Muhalli:A tarihi, passivation sau da yawa yana amfani da sinadarai masu ɗauke da hexavalent chromium (Cr6). Duk da haka, wannan sinadari yana da guba kuma yana haifar da cutar kansa. Hukumomin gwamnati kamar Hukumar Tsaro da Lafiya ta Amurka (OSHA) suna tsara amfani da shi sosai. Saboda waɗannan matsalolin lafiya da muhalli, masana'antar yanzu tana amfani da madadin da suka fi aminci, kamar trivalent chromium (Cr3+) da passivators marasa chromium.

Wannan matakin ƙarshe yana tabbatar dasamfurin galvanizedya isa inda za shi, a wanke shi, an kare shi, kuma a shirye yake don amfani.

Tsarin Tallafawa Masu Muhimmanci a Faɗin Shuke-shuke

Manyan tsarin guda uku a cikin masana'antar galvanizing suna dogara ne akan muhimman tsarin tallafi don aiki lafiya da inganci. Waɗannan tsarin na shuke-shuke suna kula da motsin abu, ayyukan rufewa na musamman, da amincin muhalli. Suna haɗa dukkan tsarin daga farko zuwa ƙarshe.

Tsarin Gudanar da Kayan Aiki

Tsarin sarrafa kayan yana motsa manyan ƙera ƙarfe a ko'ina cikin wurin. Masana'antun galvanizing na zamani suna buƙatar manyan cranes da sauran kayan aiki don sarrafa aikin. Dole ne wannan kayan aikin ya ɗauki nauyin kayan kuma ya jure zafi mai yawa da fallasa sinadarai.

• Cranes
• Masu ɗagawa
• Masu jigilar kaya
• Masu ɗaga kaya

Dole ne masu aiki su yi la'akari da girman nauyin wannan kayan aiki. Don ƙera abubuwa masu nauyi sosai, ya fi kyau a tuntuɓi galvanizer don tabbatar da cewa tsarinsu zai iya ɗaukar nauyin. Wannan tsari yana hana jinkiri kuma yana tabbatar da aminci wajen sarrafawa.

Kayan aikin Galvanizing na Tsarin

Amfani da tsirraiKayan aikin Galvanizing na Tsarindon cimma wani shafi na zinc iri ɗaya akan manyan abubuwa ko masu rikitarwa. Tsaftacewa na yau da kullun bazai isa ga guntu masu siffofi marasa tsari ko saman ciki ba. Wannan kayan aiki na musamman yana amfani da dabarun ci gaba, kamar motsi na ɓangaren da aka sarrafa ko tsarin feshi ta atomatik, don tabbatar da cewa zinc ɗin da ya narke ya isa kowane saman daidai. Amfani da Kayan Aikin Galvanizing na Tsarin da ya dace yana da mahimmanci don cika ƙa'idodin inganci akan abubuwa kamar manyan katako ko haɗuwa masu rikitarwa. Amfani da Kayan Aikin Galvanizing na Tsarin da ya dace yana tabbatar da kammalawa mai daidaito da kariya.

Cire Tururi da Maganinsa

Tsarin galvanization yana haifar da hayaki, musamman daga tankunan tattara acid da kumakettle mai zafi na zincTsarin cire hayaki da kuma maganinsa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyar ma'aikata da kuma kare muhalli. Wannan tsarin yana kama tururin da ke da illa a tushensa, yana tsaftace iska ta hanyar gogewa ko matattara, sannan ya sake ta lafiya.

Tsaro da Muhalli:Cire hayaki mai inganci yana kare ma'aikata daga shaƙar tururin sinadarai kuma yana hana fitar da gurɓatattun abubuwa zuwa sararin samaniya, yana tabbatar da cewa masana'antar ta bi ƙa'idodin muhalli.

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Injin yin amfani da galvanization mai juyawa yana haɗa manyan tsarin guda uku. Kafin a fara aiki yana tsaftace ƙarfe don mannewa na zinc. Tsarin yin amfani da galvanization yana amfani da murfin, kuma bayan an gama aiki yana kammala samfurin. Tsarin tallafi, gami da Kayan Aikin Gilashin Gilashin Tsarin, suna haɗa dukkan tsarin. Cibiyoyin zamani suna amfani da sarrafa kansa da manyan alamun aiki don inganta inganci da dorewa.